The battle of LANMEUR 1341 AD

HYW English v. Medieval French

A game adapted for DBM/DBA by Ulrich Schulte-Ebbert of The Dortmund Amateur Wargamers

Contents:

The story so far 

The battlefield 

The armies  

The rules  

Casualty status of the English army 

Casualty status of the French army 

References

Battle report (a game we played)

French knights crossing the road to Morlaix to attack the English position on the hill slope 
French knights under the command of Charles de Blois, Duc de Bretagne, intending to cross the road from Morlaix to Lanmeur to attack the English troops on the hill slope. (Game staged by The Dortmund Amateur Wargamers, figures mainly 15 mm Essex with some Irregular Miniatures)

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THE STORY SO FAR

In the second half of the 14th century Edward II supported Jean de Monfort, Comte de Bretagne, in the fight against Charles de Blois who sought to gain the power over the duchy of Brittany (The War of Succession in Brittany 1341-1364). Several large battles of the Hundred Years War took place in 14th century Brittany. On the side of Jean de Montford many English soldiers were fighting against Charles de Bloi. The first of these battles took place in 1341 at Lanmeur near the town of Morlaix.

Driven back from the Siege of Morlaix by Charles de Blois, an English army of about 3,000 men including about 1000 knights and 2000 bows and others [1][2] under the earls of Northampton, Derby and Oxford was forced late in the day to give battle between Morlaix and Lanmeur. The French force was considerably superior in numbers, possibly 15,000 [1] (other sources say 12,000[2]) strong including probably 3,000 men-at-arms and 1,500 Genoese crossbow men, the balance being local levies. The English drew up astride the Morlaix-Lameur road, on a ridge with a wood to their back, digging camouflaged pits just within bow shot.

The French attacked in column in 3 well-spaced battles with Galleti (Breton infantry) and the Genoese crossbow men to the fore. The crossbow men and the Breton infantry were not able to stand against the clouds of arrows pouring down on them and broke. The first French cavalry battle then advanced, charging headlong into the concealed pits. Many of the English broke ranks at this, only to be caught in the open by the advance of the third French battle and driven back on the wood. Eventually, unable to penetrate the stiffly defended wood, the French withdrew, the two forces disengaging. The battle had a relatively short duration of only some hours. The end result was a victory for the Anglo-Breton army.

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THE BATTLEFIELD

The English army has prepared a defensive position along the slope of a slowly rising hill. The English players are allowed to place 26 markers (4 cm wide x 3 cm deep) representing concealed pits, 13 of which are dummies. All markers should look as if they are real pits. On the underside each marker is marked as real or fake. This helps to simulate the 'concealed' character of the pits. The pits markers must be placed between points A and B within bow shot range of the English bows.

The French army is organized in three battles one behind the other and has taken position along the road from Morlaix to Lanmeur.

The table should be laid out on a surface of 1.50 m x 1.20 m for 15 mm figures. All hills are classed as good going. All wooded areas, the fields, the graveyard near the church and the area of Lanmeur are classed as bad going. The road has no effect on movement.
 

   

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THE ARMIES

Only very scarce information concerning the detailed composition of the armies involved are available. So much of the following is guesswork. For reasons of game balance, it is not possible to give the French their historical number of troops. Under DBA/DBM rules, a 5:1 numerical superiority in troops (as was the case in the historical Battle of Lanmeur) would result in an automatic win for the French. So I think that the order of battle given below will give an equal chance for either side to win the game.

The commanders of the English army are historically correct. The corresponding arms are also historically correct [1] (exception: the colours of the arms of the Earl of Derby are also guesswork). The names of the French commanders are not available, but the french commanders listed below are very likely to have taken part in the battle. Their arms are historically correct [1]. The author is very interested in further information of the battle from any reader (send e-mail to daw@epost.de).

 

E N G L I S H    C O M M A N D S

Left wing

Henry Plantagenet,
Earl of Derby

Centre and reserve

William de Bohun,
Earl of Northampton C-inC

Right wing

John de Vere,
Earl of Oxford

2 Knights (mounted)
8  Bows
3 Auxilia (Welsh)

4 Blades (dismounted knights)
8 Bows
4 Psiloi (Breton Galleti)

2 Knights (mounted)
8 Bows
3 Auxilia (Welsh) 

   

F R E N C H    C O M M A N D S

First battle and Advance Guard

Robert du Guesclin,
Seigneur de Broons

Second battle

Charles de Blois C-in-C,
arms shown as Duc de Bretagne

Third battle

Gui de Montmorency,
Sieur de Laval

10 Crossbows (Genoese)
4 Psiloi (Breton Galleti)
8 Knights (mounted)

8 Knights (mounted)
4 Auxilia (local militia)
2 Hordes (local levies)

8 Knights (mounted)
2 Auxilia (local militia)
4 Hordes (local levies)

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THE RULES

Rules are standard DBA [4] with the following amendments inclusive of some inspirations from DBM [5] and Anthony Clipsom [3]:

SCALE

All given distances and measurements are for 15 mm scale.
5 cm = 100 Paces

ARMY ORGANIZATION

Armies are divided into separate commands. Each command has its own commander and its own combat and movement (PIP) die.

DEPLOYMENT

The English army under the overall command of William de Bohun, Earl of Northampton will commence the game having been deployed on the sloop of the hill. Elements of real and fake pits should be arranges as discribed in the battlefield section.

The French forces under the overall command of Charles de Blois, Duc de Bretagne will be arranged in three battles along the road from Morlaix to Lanmeur.

See the battlefield map for the exact position of the forces.

SEQUENCE OF PLAY

First bound belongs to the French army. All commands (French and English) will use their own D6 for PIP dicing.

TERRAIN

All hills are classed as good going. All wooded areas, the fields, the graveyard near the church and the area of Lanmeur are classed as bad going. The road has no effect on movement.

MOVE AND SHOOTING DISTANCES

Move and shooting distances are taken from the DBM rules:

Shooting:

Bows 200 p

 

Movement:

Troop type

Good going

Bad going

Knight

150

100

Blades 
Hordes

100

100

Bowmen 
Crossbow men 
Auxilia 
Psiloi

150

150

 

MARCH MOVES

March moves may be used by both Armies in the duration of the game. March moves are identical to a tactical move in the DBA rules with the exception of the following:

  • A march move cannot start or go closer to known enemy than 400 paces.
  • An element can make or join in as many march moves during each bound as there are sufficient PIPs for, but cannot also make a tactical move that bound. The third and fourth march move will cost an extra PIP.

EFFECT OF CONCEALED PITS

When ever an element moves over a marker representing  'concealed pits' the marker is revealed and its real or fake character is known from that time on.

  • If the marker is fake, nothing happens.
  • If the element moving over it  is foot and the marker is real, it gets a movement penalty like moving in bad going (to simplify calculation subtract 50 p form the move distance of the element). Nothing else happens.
  • If the element moving over it is mounted and has just revealed a real marker, throw a D6. Depending on the result the element must immediately react as follows:
    • 1,2,3 and 4 = Riders temporarily dismounted. Element must stay 1 move on the marker and fights with -1 in close combat and distant shooting in this move. Use a marker (e.g. lichen of different colours for each bound)
    • 5 = Riders and horses are confused and recoil 100 p.
    • 6 = Nothing happens, the element passes. Deduct 50 p from move distance.
  • If the element moving over it is mounted and the real character of the marker is already known, throw a D6. Depending on the result the element must immediately react as follows:
    • 1 and 2 = Riders temporarily dismounted. Element must stay 1 move on the marker and fights with -1 in close combat and distant shooting in this move. Use a marker (e.g. lichen of different colours for each bound)
    • 3 and 4 = Riders and horses are confused and recoil 100 p.
    • 5 and 6 = Nothing happens, the element passes. Deduct 50 p from move distance.

COMBAT

Close combat and combat outcome are to be taken from the DBA rule book. With the exception of Hordes which are handled as follows:
 

Hordes in close combat and distant shooting:

Combat and shooting factors:  against foot 2      against mounted 2

If an element's total is less than that of the opponent, but more than half: 

  • Destroyed by knights if in good going. If not recoil.

If an element's total is half or less than half that of the enemy: 

  • Counted as others: Destroyed
 

The following factors apply to both Armies:

  • When the commanding general of a command is lost, the command immediately loses the number of elements necessary to reach the next casualty status (e.g. from disorganized to demoralized) due to out breaking panic. Elements are chosen by die (the element D6 elements to the left, the element D6 elements to the right, and so on). Lost commanders are not replaced (but PIP dicing for the command continues).
  • When a command loses a 1/4 of its elements it is classed as 'disorganized' and will lose 1 PIP in each bound.
  • When a command loses a 1/3 of its elements it is classed as 'demoralized' and will lose 1 PIP in each bound and receive -1 in close combat.
  • When a command loses 1/2 or more of its elements it is classed as 'destroyed' and will commence fleeing.

WINNING AND LOSING

  • The losing Army is the first Army to first lose half or more of its elements (taken from play or in destroyed commands).
  • The game will be a draw if the English escape through the wood on the hill on the northern table edge without loosing more than half of their elements and after they destroyed at least one of the French commands.
  • Anything else will be a victory for the side that at the end is in control of the battlefield.
     

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CASUALTY STATUS OF THE ENGLISH COMMANDS

Print out the following tables and use them during the game to keep track of the casualty status of the English army. Simply mark one of the yellow fields in the corresponding table for each lost element. Begin with the first field in the first row. When the last field of a row is marked, the PiP and combat restrictions following this line become immediately valid. 


Left flank (Henry Plantagenet, Earl of Derby)

-1 PIP

DISORGANIZE D

-1 PIP -1 close combat

DEMORALIZ ED

flee

DESTROYE D

Centre and reserve (William de Bohun, Earl of Northhampton C-in-C)

-1 PIP

DISORGANIZE D

-1 PIP -1 close combat

DEMORALIZE D

flee

DESTROYED

Right flank (John de Vere, Earl of Oxford)

-1 PIP

DISORGANIZE D

-1 PIP -1 close combat

DEMORALIZ ED

flee

DESTROYE D

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CASUALTY STATUS OF THE FRENCH COMMANDS

Print out the following tables and use them during the game to keep track of the casualty status of the French army. Simply mark one of the yellow fields in the corresponding table for each lost element. Begin with the first field in the first row. When the last field of a row is marked, the PiP and combat restrictions following this line become immediately valid. 


First Battle (Robert du Guesclin, Seigneur de Broons)

-1 PIP

DISORGANIZE D

-1 PIP -1 close combat

DEMORALIZE D

flee

DESTROYED

Second Battle (Charles de Blois, Duc de Bretagne C-in-C)

-1 PIP

DISORGANIZE D

-1 PIP -1 close combat

DEMORALIZE D

flee

DESTROYED

Third Battle (Gui de Montmorency, Sieur de Laval)

-1 PIP

DISORGANIZ ED

-1 PIP -1 close combat

DEMORALIZ ED

flee

DESTROYE D

 

 

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REFERENCES

[1] Heath, I.: Armies of the Middle Ages, Volume 1. The Hundred Years' War , the War of the Roses and the Burgundian Wars, 1300-1487. Wargames Research Group, 1982. 

[2] Déniel, D.: Des Anglais sur les traces de leurs chevaliers. In: Le Telegramm, 1997/06/18, Brest, 1997. 

[3] Clipsom, A.: Hastings in the dining room. Wargames Illustrated 94, p. 14-18, 1995. 

[4] Barker, P., Bodley Scott, R. and LaflinBarker, S.: De Bellis Antiquitatis (DBA). Version 1.1 (updated versions available). Wargames Research Group, Devizes, 1995 

[5] Barker, P. and Bodley Scott, R.: De Bellis Multitudinis (DBM) (updated versions available). Wargames Research Group, Devizes, 1993 

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